Whether eyeliner is applied inside the lash line or outside the lash line can play a role in whether the eyeliner will migrate into the eye itself and cause problems. Eye doctors frequently have patients that come in and have eyeliner residue stuck to contact lenses or trapped in the tear film of their eyes. This common problem led researchers to look at how the two methods of applying eyeliner can distribute eyeliner particles into the eye.
Using three female volunteers between the ages of 26 and 30 and who had no known eye problems, researchers had the test subjects apply eyeliner either to the inside of the lash line or outside of the lash line and then the participants' eyes were videoed five to ten minutes after the application and researchers counted how many particles of eyeliner were in the eye. The test subjects then returned the next day and had the eyeliner applied in the opposite location.
What researchers found was that when eyeliner was applied to the inside of the lash line, between 15 and 30 percent more particles moved into the eye. The eyeliner also moved more quickly into the eye when it was applied inside the lash line. Eyeliner in the tear film can irritate the eyes and especially for those who suffer from dry or sensitive eyes. Contact lens wearers may experience reduced or blurred vision as a result of makeup build-up on their lenses. The tips of eyeliner pencils can also harbor bacteria which can enter the eye and cause eye infections. Researchers recommend that eyeliner be applied to the outside of the lash line to help reduce risk of complications.**